Bring It on All You Need to Know about Scholarship Essay Writing

There is no surefire method of writing a winning scholarship essay. If you collect a hundred of essays that managed to hit the mark and try to find a common denominator that would be responsible for it, you will find out that its absence is exactly what set them apart. Each winning essay is unique, each is written in a very distinctive style characteristic of the author. But while there is no particular approach that will guarantee the success, you may certainly follow some principles that will greatly improve your chances of finding your unique voice and, therefore, getting where you want to get. Types of Scholarship Essays There are two main types of scholarship essays; in addition to that, hybrids that combine the qualities of both are possible, as well as more experimental ones. Personal Statement A personal statement is supposed to give a picture of you as an individual. It usually deals with your family background, personal history, what kind of education you have, what influenced your intellectual and ideological development, notable experiences and the ways they changed you, special interests and abilities, plans for the future and so on. When writing this kind of essay, it is important to remember the following: Avoid repeating things that are listed in other parts of your application. These essays are usually short (sometimes as short as 150-200 words), which means that you should be very careful with what you choose to write about. Don’t spread yourself thin – choose 2-4 points to cover and be concise. Due to their size, personal statements usually are written in bulk, which makes standing out even harder than usual. Don’t just boringly enumerate your abilities, show them through an interesting example. Intent Statement Intent statement should show why you have chosen this particular course of study or why you think you deserve to receive the scholarship. It is hard to give any particular advice concerning it, as writing prompts may be quite varied. The main idea is to prove that giving you a bunch of money is a good idea and a sound investment. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w818YUg0Wls Choosing the Topic You won’t get to choose to write about whatever you like; you will have to respond to a particular question. The questions vary greatly in the amount of freedom they give you. They may deal with any topic, but mainly they touch upon your academic plans, personal achievements, things that influenced you, your goals and so on. Here are some tips that can help you turn any question to your advantage: Analyze the prompt carefully and single out the key concepts. For example: â€Å"Tell us about yourself and why you apply for this scholarship. Make sure to tell how this scholarship will help you achieve your personal and professional goals†. This prompt clearly calls you to concentrate on your future goals and how they can be furthered by this scholarship. You have to tell about yourself, but shouldn’t spend too much space on it. Understand your audience. Every scholarship provider has certain criteria according to which they evaluate the applicants. Before you can write a successful scholarship essay, you should know what exactly they want and value most. Do they pay attention to classroom performance or leadership qualities? Or perhaps concentrate on community service? Do a bit of research: try to read between the lines of prompts, analyze the prompts used in previous years, try to find some previous recipients of this scholarship and understand what they had in common. This will certainly give you an edge over those writing identical essays for every scholarship they apply for. Write about something you know and love. Feigning enthusiasm is far harder than you may think, and if your essay sounds faked, it isn’t going to add points to your argument. Make sure you can support what you declare with specific details and examples that will show that you care about the subject. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mhzPWcR9yE Structure of a Scholarship Essay Structurally, a scholarship essay usually doesn’t differ from most other essay types: it consists of the introduction, the main part and the conclusion. The difference lies in what you write in any of them. Remember that each word and sentence should further your goal: introduction should make sure the judges are immediately interested in your person, the main part should present your case in the most favorable light, and the conclusion should provide a dramatic ending to your story. Introduction: Grasping the Reader’s Attention As with any other kind of writing, the main purpose of the introduction is to make sure the reader gets interested in the subject matter and reads the text up to the end. Therefore, your should begin with something that is bound to catch the reader’s attention, something that will stand out from hundreds upon hundreds of essays your judges have to read. How can it be done? That’s the problem. It is very hard to pinpoint what it means to be original. There are, however, a few tips and principles that can bring you closer to the ideal: Avoid generic openings in the line of â€Å"It is not widely known that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , â€Å"Leadership skills are extremely important for numerous reasons† like plague. Instead, be personal and specific. Go for a surprise. When you are asked a question, try to think what the others are going to write in answer to it, and how to avoid being the same as everyone else. It may be worth choosing something purposefully unconventional – if, of course, you are capable of continuing on the same note. Go for a shock. A logical development of the previous tactic is to start your essay with a statement that would make the reader wonder if his eyes are deceiving him. Say something that nobody in his right mind would say – and then subvert it with an explanation that makes it meaningful. Don’t overdo it, however – it is all too easy to say something that is offensive rather than shocking. Standing out Your style, choice of words and coverage of the topic may be perfect, but if you write the same things everyone else writes, it isn’t going to help you get the scholarship. Depending on the scholarship you apply for, there may be tens or hundreds of people competing alongside you – and the judges primarily looking for those who look interesting. So, how does one create such an impression? Select a topic and stick to it. Sometimes you are given freedom to choose what to write about, sometimes the topic is imposed on you. Either way, make sure you stick to the initially chosen topic and don’t go off tangent halfway through. This alone will make a positive impression on judges having to read hundreds of rambling essays. Don’t be afraid to boast. That is, if you have anything to boast of. Although we are normally taught to be modest and avoid speaking about our achievements directly, a scholarship essay is exactly the instance when you have to talk about them without reservations and be able to present them in the most favorable light possible. Things you may want to mention include work, sports, clubs, community work, leadership experience, volunteering and, in fact, anything you may pass as relevant. Just make sure everything your say really happened, and don’t exaggerate. Brainstorm. What makes you unique? Give the judges one reason to choose you over all the other applicants. What is special about you? What is your individual talent? What makes you different from others? You may have trouble singling anything out on your own, so feel free to discuss it with family, friends and relatives. They all see you from different viewpoints and can provide surprising insights into your personal qualities. Sometimes what you believe to be insignificant can turn out to be exactly the opposite. Don’t whine. A quite common mistake among students is to write a tearful essay trying to convince the judges that the author needs the scholarship most, enumerating their numerous hardships and problems. The judges don’t want to read your tales of woe. They want to learn about your potential for great things, about what you’ve managed to achieve despite your problems, about what you can do if you get the scholarship. Scholarships are given not to those who needs them but to those who deserves them. Be creative about your essay structure. Start with a captivating story about yourself. Write the essay in the form of a dialogue. Begin with something seemingly irrelevant and show how it refers to the topic later on. The possibilities are endless once you start seriously contemplating them. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3yS2r3GWudc Revision It is impossible to write an essay, especially such an important essay, at the first attempt. You will have to revise it, change some fragments, remove or replace others. Here are 4 tips that can make this process more efficient. Source: https://kylienewcomb.files.wordpress.com/2014/03/how-to-structure-an-essay.jpg Read your essay aloud. A lot of otherwise unnoticeable mistakes will suddenly become obvious once you hear them. Find an editor. Ideally, you should hire a professional editor with some experience of dealing with similar tasks. However, any editor will do: it may be a friend who is well-versed in grammar, a parent, a teacher, or anybody whom you can trust. Take a break for several days and reread your essay carefully. Immediately after you’ve finished writing, you will most likely miss most mistakes because you are too used to the text. Once you’ve taken a rest from it, you will be able to see it with new eyes. If you feel that the entire essay is a bit off, don’t hesitate to rewrite it from scratch. Perceive it as a part of the process. General Tips Scatter the keywords from the prompt and their synonyms throughout your essay. It will accent your determination to address the issue in question and show that you don’t digress from your topic. Before you start writing, create a thesis of your future essay – just like when you write normal essays. Simply put, your scholarship essay should revolve around a single idea and a single goal. So, what is the main idea of what you write and what you want to achieve with it? Can you express it in a single sentence? If not, perhaps you are a little fuzzy about the details and have to straighten them up before proceeding. The main goal of any scholarship essay is to demonstrate that you understand who you are. How is your past relevant to your future, what are your passions and interests, what are you enthusiastic about, how are you going to change the world? If you are unclear about these issues, why would the judges be interested in a person without a goal? Start early. It is a good idea for any kind of writing, but in case of scholarship essay it may give you yet another opportunity to do a bit of research and avoid writing a one-size-fits-all application. Calculate the time you will need to start and begin to work at least a week earlier. Follow the directions. If you are given instructions, do what they say. If they limit your essay to 500 words, don’t go over the limit. If you are given a specific question to answer, answer it. Failing to do so may immediately make you ineligible for the scholarship. Once you’ve finished writing, reread the prompt and the essay and answer honestly: did you answer the question? Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VLuvC9MTOTM Conclusion Writing a scholarship essay is a challenging and time-consuming task. Nevertheless, doing it successfully and getting yourself a scholarship is a more achievable goal than many believe. If you approach the task systematically, dedicate a reasonable amount of time to it and be ready to work hard, you already have an edge over the vast majority of applicants, who simply try their hand at it. Follow the tips we’ve given you, do your research on the organizations offering scholarships before starting, and everything will be alright!

The Development Of Levittown, New York Essay - 1340 Words

The development of Levittown, New York thrived based on the use of exclusionary methods, the most important and notable being restrictive covenants. As of the late 1960s, out of the eighty-two thousand residents in Levittown barely any of them were African American (Jackson). One of the actors involved in the restrictive covenants in the newly developed suburb was the developers. Bill Levitt’s company only sold their houses to white buyers, even though housing segregation was unconstitutional since 1948 in the United States. David Kushner’s Levittown: Two Families, One Tycoon and the Fight for Civil Rights in America’s Legendary Suburb provides the verbiage of the lease contracts in Levittown, â€Å"the tenant agrees not to permit the premises to be sued or occupied by any person other than members of the Caucasian race† (Kushner 43). The lease verbiage indicates the developers intentions to maintain their developments all-white. Although the intentions of the developer may be simply stated as racist ideology, it is more accurate to note that their racial segregation was decided on economic terms. The developers feared that communities that housed African Americans would be less desirable to the greater population, meaning lower property values for the homes in their suburbs. The most important aspect to real estate developers is the profit. Unfortunately, during the time Levittown’s construction racial segregation was a desirable concept for the majority of white Americans,Show MoreRelatedLevittown Experiment Essay1083 Words   |  5 PagesLevittown Experiment Levittown project was taken up in the U.S. after the end of Second World War, with the aim of providing mass housing facilities to people in the wake of increasing urbanization and problems of accommodating large population in limited urban area (Friedman. 1995). The first of Levittown apartments were constructed on Long Island, New York and they symbolized the modern trends of urbanization and housing developments (Clapson. 2003). This paper shall study the impactRead More The Great Levittown Impact Essay2353 Words   |  10 PagesGreat Levittown Impact The third listing for the definition of sprawl in the Merriam-Webster’s dictionary is as follows: â€Å"to spread or develop irregularly†. Unfortunately, this is the pattern, or lack thereof, with which America’s development is following. Every single day the world population rises, and these new babies have to live somewhere. Due to the fact that the birth rate is larger than that of the death rate in America (http://www.bartleby.com/151/a24.html), new homesRead MoreU.s. Foreign Policy Of Containment1074 Words   |  5 Pagescountries from Communist power with American atomic weapons, economic aid, espionage, propaganda, and army alliances. Eventually, the containment policy was significant in America and around the world because it was â€Å"...a critical turning point in the development of the Cold War, providing a compelling rationale for wielding U.S. power throughout the world.†(Roark, Pg.870) (Roark, Pg.867) -Keynesian Economics Keynesian economics, derived from the ideology of John Maynard Keynes’, was a strategy used duringRead MoreLong Island s Unique Ecological And Socio Economic Environments1246 Words   |  5 Pagescreate a more sustainable food system on Long Island is that of production capacity as it relates to consumption. Long Island was once expected to feed New York City(â€Å"Chartering the New York State School of Agriculture on Long Island† 2014) The constriction of agriculture on the East End coincided with the urban expansion that spawned the ‘Levittown’(s) of the United States. Quite literally here on Long Island, the two met in the middle. At its peak in the mid nineteen hundreds, there were some threeRead More Is the Experience of Suburbia Uniquely different to Either that of City or Country life?1183 Words   |  5 Pagesneed for more housing options for them. The modern American suburbs were developed to meet that need. A suburb is defined by the Oxford Eng lish Dictionary (2014) as â€Å"an outlying district of a city, especially a residential one†. The emergence and development of the suburbs was made easier by the implementing of various zoning laws and advances in transportation. In some older American cities, specifically ones in the northeastern parts of the U.S. â€Å"streetcar suburbs†, which were residential areas inRead MoreThe House Home Exhibit1480 Words   |  6 PagesDo you remember playing with dollhouses as a child, or how about building homes out of Lego’s or Lincoln Logs? The concept of home is something we experience from a very young age, after all, as the new long-term exhibit House Home at the National Building Museum points out, â€Å"We all live somewhere.† The House Home exhibit explores a subject so wide and so fundamental to the American way of life that it resonates with visitors of all ages and backgrounds. A visit to any of the Washington, DRead MoreFranklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal for White Americans Only2096 Words   |  9 Pages The birth of Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal opened new opportunities to Americans who had suffered through the long Great Depression. One of the new opportunities afforded to Americans were the policies that made it possible for more Americans to own their own homes. However, there was an important qualification that needed to be in place toRead MoreUrban Sprawl Essay3380 Words   |  14 Pagesan economic and social root rather than political. Ironically, urban sprawl is also known as rural sprawl; the terms just refer to the spreading of urban population and area into rural areas (Cornell University). With the encroachment of human development comes the destruction of wilderness area s, something that is commonly known to contribute to a wide variety of environmental problems. Automobiles are also a major part of sprawl, contributing to the depleting supply of global oil and the additionRead MoreSub-urbanization in America Essay3285 Words   |  14 Pagesmetropolitan areas also pointed out in Jackson=s work on suburbanization. The first on is that Americans have such low density residential areas, and often their is not a distinction between urban and rural. Our cities were laid out over space, with even New York City and Philadelphia not as densely populated as some cities in Europe. The next distinguishing factor is a want to own a home. At least two-thirds of all Americans own their own home, with rates less than half of that present in cities in EuropeRead MoreAmerican History Eoc Study Guide5327 Words   |  22 Pageseducated in Freedman Schools, housed, and fed. â€Å"Plenty to eat, nothing to do† (pg. 404) 3) Transcontinental Railroad: One of the first railroads built that would cross the whole country. It also helped with the settlement of the west and the development of standard time (time zones). (pg. 463) 4) Andrew Carnegie Steel â€Å"Gospel of Wealth†: a) Andrew Carnegie Steel: He founded his own company in the steel business and used vertical integration (acquiring companies that supplied

Management Accounting and Management Decisions Free Essays

Management Accounting, Cdn. 6e (Horngren/Sundem/Stratton/Beaulieu) Chapter 1 Management Accounting and Management Decisions 1) Both internal managers and external parties use accounting information. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 2) Internal accounting reports must follow generally accepted accounting principles and account for assets at historical cost. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Accounting and Management Decisions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 3) Organizations that do not make or sell tangible goods are called service organizations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 7 Objective: 3 4) The cost-benefit balance is the primary consideration in choosing among accounting systems and methods. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 2 Objective: 3 5) Planning refers to setting objectives, implementing plans, and evaluating objectives. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 6) A budget is a quantitative expression of a plan of action. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 2 Objective: 3 7) Management by exception involves a detailed analysis of all deviations from planned performance regardless of the amount. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 2 Objective: 3 8) Sales growth occurs in the mature market stage of product life cycle. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 9) Line authority is authority exerted downward over subordinates. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 10) Line departments support or service staff departments. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 11) According to the Financial Executives Institute, the controller’s function is to obtain both short-term and long-term loans. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 14 12) The CMA program focuses on management accounting and its role in Canadian business. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 13) The factors causing changes in management accounting today include increased global competition, technological advances and increased production by Canadian companies. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 14) The essence of the just-in-time philosophy is to eliminate waste. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 5) The Society of Management Accountants of Canada (SMAC) has developed standards of ethical conduct for management accountants, which include standards of competence, confidentiality, integrity and objectivity. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Page Ref: 20 Objective: 9 16) A survey of managers selected which of the following business areas as the most common starting-point for future managers? A) Accounting. B) Finance. C) Legal environment of business. D) Computers in business. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 2 Objective: 1 17) Management accounting refers to accounting information developed for A) shareholders. B) governmental authorities. C) managers within an organization. D) loan officers. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 18) ________ is a formal mechanism for gathering, organizing, and communicating information about an organization’s activities. A) An accounting system B) Scorekeeping C) Management accounting D) Attention directing Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 19) ________ refers to accounting information developed for users within an organization. A) An accounting system B) Scorekeeping C) Management accounting D) Financial accounting Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 20) ________ is the accumulation and classification of data. A) An accounting system B) Scorekeeping C) Management accounting D) Attention directing Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 21) ________ means reporting and interpreting information that helps managers to focus on operating problems, imperfections, inefficiencies, and opportunities. A) Scorekeeping B) Attention directing C) Problem-solving D) None of the above Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 2) ________ is the aspect of accounting that quantifies the likely results of possible courses of action and often recommends the best course to follow. A) Scorekeeping B) Attention directing C) Problem-solving D) None of the above Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 23) The codes of conduct for integrity include all of the following EXCEPT A) avoiding actual or apparent conflicts of interest. B) refusing to ad vise or assist with the commission of fraud. C) recognizing and communicating professional limitations. D) communicating information subjectively. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 20 Objective: 9 24) A clerk prepares a monthly report comparing the actual phone bill with the expected phone costs. This activity would be classified as A) problem-solving. B) scorekeeping. C) planning. D) attention directing. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 25) Broad guidelines and detailed practices that together make up accepted accounting practice at a given time are referred to as A) GAAS. B) accounting conventions. C) GAAP. D) Revenue Canada regulations. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 26) Service organizations A) sell tangible goods. B) are not wholesalers. C) are considered manufacturers. D) must be profit-seeking. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 7 Objective: 3 27) A characteristic of service organizations is that A) labour is intensive. B) output is easy to define. C) major inputs and outputs can be stored. D) plant and equipment costs are high in proportion to labour costs. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 7 Objective: 3 28) The watchword for the installation of systems in service industries and nonprofit organizations is A) maximize. B) simplicity. C) constraints. D) complexity. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 7 Objective: 3 29) Which of the following is a characteristic of both profit-seeking and nonprofit service organizations? A) Labour is intensive. B) Output is usually difficult to define. C) Major inputs and outputs cannot be stored. D) All of the above are characteristics. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 7 Objective: 3 30) Financial accounting is constrained by GAAP. Management accounting is constrained by A) GAAS. B) the cost-benefit balance. C) Revenue Canada. D) the controller. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 1) The primary consideration in choosing among accounting systems and methods is A) simplicity. B) behavioural issues. C) cost-benefit balance. D) computerization. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 32) An accounting system should provide accurate, timely budgets and performance reports in a form useful to A) shareholders. B) bankers. C) Revenue Canada. D) managers. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Pag e Ref: 3 Objective: 2 33) ________ is (are) a quantitative expression(s) of a plan of action. A) A budget B) Performance reports C) Variances D) Management by exception Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 34) ________ provide(s) feedback by comparing results with plans and by highlighting deviations from plans. A) A budget B) Performance reports C) Variances D) Management by exception Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 35) ________ is (are) deviations from plans. A) A budget B) Performance reports C) Variances D) Management by exception Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 36) ________ concentrate(s) on areas that deviate from the plan and ignore(s) areas that are presumed to be running smoothly. A) A budget B) Performance reports C) Variances D) Management by exception Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 37) Launching a new product line is an example of A) decision making. B) planning. C) controlling. D) organization. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 38) Answering the following questions: When is dinner? Who is cooking it? is an example of A) planning. B) controlling. C) budgeting. D) analyzing. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 39) Cooking dinner and tasting the food are examples of A) planning. B) controlling. C) budgeting. D) analyzing. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 40) Planning determines action, action generates feedback, and feedback influences A) reports. B) accounting systems. C) further planning. D) deviations. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 41) A quantitative expression of a plan of action is a A) variance. B) performance report. C) control. D) budget. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 42) Actual results are compared to budgeted amounts in a A) performance report. B) financial statement. C) production report. D) flexible report. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 43) Management by exception means management concentrates on A) significant activities proceeding as planned. B) significant deviations from expected results. C) insignificant activities proceeding as planned. D) insignificant deviations from expected results. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 44) A synonym for deviation is A) planned. B) systematic. C) variance. D) reported. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 45) A significant unfavourable variance A) should be ignored because of materiality. B) could not result from careless budgeting. C) is the result of proper planning. D) should be analyzed, and measures should be taken to correct the situation. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 46) The product development stage in a product’s life cycle corresponds to A) no sales. B) sales growth. C) stable sales level. D) low and decreasing sales. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 47) The introduction to market stage in a product’s life cycle corresponds to A) no sales. B) sales growth. C) stable sales level. D) low and decreasing sales. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 48) The mature market stage in a product’s life cycle corresponds to A) no sales. B) sales growth. C) stable sales level. D) low and decreasing sales. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 49) The phase-out-of-product stage in a product’s life cycle corresponds to A) no sales. B) sales growth. C) stable sales level. D) low sales to no sales. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 50) The various stages through which a product passes are called the A) product life cycle. B) production plan. C) market analysis. D) product initiative. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 51) Product life cycles A) are the same for all products. B) must be considered to effectively plan for production. C) are computerized bicycles. D) have nothing to do with product profitability. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 52) Authority exerted downward over subordinates is referred to as A) line authority. B) staff authority. C) general authority. D) specific authority. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 53) Authority to advise but NOT command is called A) line authority. B) staff authority. C) general authority. D) specific authority. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 54) An example of a line department at a jewelry manufacturer is the A) accounting department. B) finance department. C) maintenance department. D) sales department. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 55) According to the Financial Executives Institute, one function of controllership is A) investments. B) short-term financing. C) provision of capital. D) reporting and interpreting. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 14 56) The top accounting officer in an organization is often A) the controller. B) the treasurer. C) the CFO. D) the CEO. Answer: A Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 14 57) ________ is mainly concerned with the company’s financial matters. A) The controller B) The treasurer C) The secretary D) None of the above Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 14 58) ________ is the designation that provides the greatest orientation toward management accounting. A) CIA B) CMA C) CEO D) CGA Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 14 59) According to the Financial Executives Institute, one function of treasurership is A) planning for control. B) protection of assets. C) investor relations. D) economic appraisal. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 14 Objective: 6 60) Chartered Accountants are A) internal auditors. B) management accountants. C) external auditors. D) clerical accountants. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 61) The largest Canadian association of professional accountants whose major interest is management accounting is the A) Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants. B) Certified General Accountants of Canada. C) Government Accounting Institute. D) Society of Management Accountants of Canada. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 62) A philosophy to eliminate waste by reducing the time products spend in the production process and eliminating the time that products spend on activities that do NOT add value is A) computer-integrated manufacturing. B) just-in-time. C) better late than never. D) added value tax. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 63) Systems that use computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing, together with robots and computer-controlled machines are called A) just-in-time systems. B) robotic-computer systems. C) computer-integrated manufacturing systems. D) manufacturing-robotic systems. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 64) Which of the following factors is causing changes in management accounting today? A) Shift from a manufacturing-based to a service-based economy. B) Increased global competition. C) Advances in technology. D) All of the above are factors. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 65) Systems that use CAD and CAM together with robots and computer-controlled machines are called A) JIT. B) CMA. C) CIM. D) none of the above. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 66) Below is a statement from the Code of Professional Ethics for the Society of Management Accountants. â€Å"Maintain at all times independence of thought and action. † It is an example of A) competence. B) confidentiality. C) integrity. D) objectivity. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 20 Objective: 9 67) Management accountants are similar to CAs and CGAs in that they A) give opinions on financial statements. B) are licensed by the Canadian Institute of public accountancy. C) adhere to codes of conduct. D) are independent of the company they work for. Answer: C Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 68) The Society of Management Accountants has adopted a set of standards of professional ethics which includes codes of conduct regarding all of the following EXCEPT A) competence. B) independence. C) integrity. D) confidentiality. Answer: B Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 20 Objective: 9 69) Which of the following individuals would likely NOT be users of management accounting reports? A) company presidents B) university deans C) bankers D) chief physicians Answer: C Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 70) Which of the following statements about management accounting is FALSE? A) It is concerned with how measurements and reports will influence managers’ daily behaviour. B) It is less sharply defined than financial accounting. C) Its primary users are organizational managers at various levels. D) It is constrained by generally accepted accounting principles. Answer: D Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 71) Which of the following statements about ethical dilemmas faced by management accountants is FALSE? Ethical dilemmas A) are clear-cut. B) involve conflict between two or more ethical standard. C) require individual integrity and judgment. D) require the application of ethical standards. Answer: A Diff: 2 Type: MC Page Ref: 20 Objective: 9 72) Which of the following statements about line authority is TRUE? Line authority A) is similar to staff authority. B) is indirectly related to the basic activities of an organization. C) is exerted upwardly from subordinates. D) includes the authority to command action. Answer: D Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 3) Broad concepts or guidelines and detailed practices, including all conventions, rules, and procedures that together make up accepted accounting practice at a given time. Answer: Generally accepted accounting principles Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 74) The person from whom the controller derives authority to set accounting procedures. Answer: The company president Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 12 75) Weighing known costs against probable benefits, the primary consideration in choosing among accounting systems and methods. Answer: Cost-benefit balance Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 11 Objective: 7 76) A quantitative expression of a plan of action, and an aid to coordinating and implementing the plan. Answer: Budget Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 2 Objective: 2 77) Deviations from plans. Answer: Variances Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 2 Objective: 2 78) Concentrating on areas that deserve attention and ignoring areas that are presumed to be running smoothly. Answer: Management by exception Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 2 Objective: 2 79) Authority exerted downward over subordinates. Answer: Line authority Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 80) Authority to advise but not to command. It may be exerted downward, laterally, or upward. Answer: Staff authority Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 81) The largest Canadian professional organization of accountants whose major interest is management accounting. Answer: Society of Management Accountants Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 82) A philosophy to eliminate waste, by reducing the time products spend in the production process and eliminating the time that products spend on activities that do not add value. Answer: Just-in-time philosophy Diff: 1 Type: SA Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 83) Describe the major users of accounting information. Answer: In general, users of accounting information fall into three categories: (1) Internal managers who use the information for short-term planning and controlling routine operations. (2) Internal managers who use the information for making nonroutine decisions and formulating overall policies and long-range plans. (3) External parties, such as investors and government authorities, who use the information for making decisions about the company. Diff: 1 Type: ES Page Ref: 2 Objective: 1 4) Explain the cost-benefit and behavioral issues involved in designing an accounting system. Answer: The cost-benefit balance, weighing known costs against probable benefits, is the primary consideration in choosing among accounting systems. The system’s value must exceed its cost. In addition, the system’s effects on the behaviour of managers should also be considered. The system must pr ovide accurate, timely budgets and performance reports in a form useful to managers. Diff: 1 Type: ES Page Ref: 14 Objective: 7 85) Distinguish between line and staff roles in an organization, and give an example of each. Answer: Line authority is authority exerted downward over subordinates. Staff authority is authority to advise but not to command. It may be exerted downward, laterally, or upward. Line departments are directly responsible for conducting the basic mission of the organization, that is, producing and selling a product or service. Staff departments are indirectly related to these basic activities through servicing and supporting the line departments. An example of a line role would be the sales executives, whereas a staff role would include the top accounting executive. Diff: 1 Type: ES Page Ref: 12 Objective: 5 86) Contrast the functions of controllers and treasurers. Answer: The treasurer is concerned mainly with the company’s financial matters such as investor relations, provision of capital, short-term financing, credits and collections, and banking. The controller is concerned with operating matters such as reporting and interpreting, evaluating and consulting, tax administration, government reporting, and protection of assets. Diff: 1 Type: ES Page Ref: 1 87) Explain a management accountant’s ethical responsibilities. Answer: A certified management accountant must adhere to a code of conduct regarding competence, confidentiality, integrity, and objectivity developed by the Society of Management Accountants. An unethical act is one that violates the ethical standards of the profession. Management accountants have an obligation to the organizations they serve, their profession, the public, and themselves to maintain the highest standards of ethical conduct. Diff: 1 Type: ES Page Ref: 20 Objective: 9 88) Explain the role of budgets and performance reports in planning and control. Answer: Budgets and performance reports are essential tools for planning and control. Budgets result from the planning process. Managers use them to translate the organization’s goals into action. A performance report compares actual results to the budget. Managers use these reports to monitor, evaluate, and reward performance and, thus, exercise control. Diff: 3 Type: ES Page Ref: 3 Objective: 2 89) Discuss the role that management accountants play in the company’s value-chain functions. Answer: Management accountants play a key role in planning and control. Throughout the company’s value chain, management accountants gather and report cost and revenue information for decision makers. Diff: 2 Type: ES Page Ref: 9 Objective: 4 90) Identify current trends in management accounting. Answer: Many factors have caused changes in accounting systems in recent years. Most significant are globalization, technology, and a shift from a manufacturing-based to a service-based economy. Without continuous adaptation and improvement, accounting systems would be obsolete. Diff: 2 Type: ES Page Ref: 16 Objective: 8 How to cite Management Accounting and Management Decisions, Papers

Workplace Health and Safety for Newsletters- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWorkplace Health and Safety for Industry Newsletters. Answer: Raising WHS issues In the current assignment, the Spudshed supermarket had been taken into consideration. It is an Australia based supermarket catering to the fresh food requirements of people ("Home - Spudshed", 2017). The assignment provides a suitable overview of the role of the workplace health and safety (WHS) officers in implementing sufficient preventive measures. One of the pivotal steps which I can take over here are highlighting and raising the WHS issues faced by my employees in the course of their work. Some of the predominant WHS issues are lifting and carrying heavy loads along with the risk of slips, trips and falls. Spudshed being a food supermarket the staffs have to carry and transport quintals of fresh fruits and vegetables (McCaughey et al., 2017). This can result in sudden muscle sprains or nerve tissue damage in the staff. Additionally, cramped conditions and wet floors can also result in fall risk of the staffs. Therefore, as a WHS officer, I need to organize meetings for the members and different stakeholders of the organization and communicate to them the exact risk factors involved. I also need to provide a dummy plan to the board members regarding the ways to reduce accidents within the place of work. Some of these may include incorporation of more trolleys with wheels for pulling and displacing the heavier loads (Arbury et al., 2017). Gathering and communicating information about health and safety issues In order to discuss with my staff about suitable WHS measures and policies, I can follow a number of sources. Some of these sources are government acts or publications, industry newsletters, ex-employees along with supervisor managers of the supermarket. As a practising WHS officer, I can implement a number of tools and techniques for finding out the relevant safety scenario of the current supermarket. In this context, I can use interview methods as relevant tools for gathering sufficient knowledge about the safety interventions provided to the employees in the spudshed supermarket. There are a number of WHS issues which are faced by the employees working in a supermarket. Thus, as a practising WHS officer, I need to implement a number of preventive and precautionary measures for the safety and sound health of the staffs. The WHS information can be communicated to the workers using a number of intervention methods and protocols. I as a WHS officer can conduct a number of employee training programs within the concerned supermarket. In my opinion providing the employees with sufficient safety education and technology-based methods can change their way of work and reduce the risk percentage. References Arbury, S., Zankowski, D., Lipscomb, J., Hodgson, M. (2017). Workplace violence training programs for health care workers: an analysis of program elements.Workplace Health Safety,65(6), 266-272. McCaughey, D., Halbesleben, J. R., Savage, G. T., Simons, T., McGhan, G. E. (2014). Safety leadership: Extending workplace safety climate best practices across health care workforces. InLeading in health care organizations: Improving safety, satisfaction and financial performance(pp. 189-217). New Jersey : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Zohar, D. (2014). Safety climate: Conceptualization, measurement, and improvement.The Oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture, 317-334. home - Spudshed. (2017). Spudshed. Retrieved 21 October 2017, from https://www.spudshed.com.au/